Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been the main target of lipid-altering therapy to reduce cardiovascular risk associated with dyslipidemia. Residual cardiovascular risk remains, however, after achievement of goal LDL-C levels and is associated in part with other risk markers of cardiovascular disease, including low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high lipoprotein a, and hypertriglyceridemia. Niacin is considered a valuable agent for therapy to modify high LDL-C as well as low HDL-C, high lipoprotein a, and hypertriglyceridemia...This review is designed to assist healthcare professionals in evaluating the form(s) of niacin best suited for a particular therapeutic goal. Further, it provides a literature-based evaluation of risk for NA, extended-release NA, inositol hexanicotinate, and nicotinamide.